预备知识介绍

Unity Assembly Def

Unity默认程序集和自定义程序集在编辑器模式下都生成在“盘符:\Unity工程文件夹\Library\ScriptAssemblies”里

使用Unity的自定义程序集时，定义的程序集并没有真正生成一个库，不能使用using指令来引用其他的程序集。我们需要在程序集定义的Inspector面板中的“References”里面添加依赖，按下加号然后将需要引用的dll拖拽进来。

Unity默认CSharp.dll自动引用所有程序集。

Unity真正编译出来的程序集名和程序集定义的Inspector面板中的“Name”一致，尽量让Editor内程序集定义文件名和Inspector面板中的一致。

如果程序集定义中勾选了“Test Assemblies”，那么此程序集内的代码都不会被打包，可以利用此功能将需要测试的代码和拓展编辑器的代码放在Test程序集里。

Unity资源加载方式

AssetBundle

首先将需要加载的Prefab设定一个AssetBundle名称，然后在Editor文件夹内设定编辑器脚本

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;

public class BundleEditor 
{
    [MenuItem("Tools/Build AssetBundle")]
    public static void Build()
    {
        BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundles
            (
            Application.streamingAssetsPath,//注意要在编辑器环境下新建StreamingAssets文件夹
            BuildAssetBundleOptions.ChunkBasedCompression,
            EditorUserBuildSettings.activeBuildTarget
            );

        AssetDatabase.Refresh();
    }

}

这样在编辑器的StreamingAssets文件夹内就出现的打包好的Asset Bundle了，注意StreamingAssets文件夹内的文件都是不能直接查看的，我们生成的文件一般有同名的两份，一份是主要的AssetBundle，另一份则是此Bundle的Manifest，记录了此Bundle的依赖关系

我们按照下面的代码加载AssetBundle

using UnityEngine;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        AssetBundle assetbundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/attack");
        GameObject objPrefab = assetbundle.LoadAsset<GameObject>("attack");
        GameObject obj = Instantiate(objPrefab);
    }
}

AssetDataBase

这是一个编辑器API，加载资源时需要Assets文件夹内完整路径名和文件拓展名

using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {

        GameObject objPrefab = AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<GameObject>("Assets/Prefabs/Attack.prefab");
    }

}

XML序列化

将类转化成Xml

使用xml特性标记相关的类，更方便地序列化

新建一个用于序列化的类TestSerialize

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

[System.Serializable]
public class TestSerialize
{
    [XmlAttribute("Id")]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    [XmlAttribute("Name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Items")]//也可以使用[XmlArray("Items")]
    public List<int> Items { get; set; }
}

我们在脚本中序列化这个类

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        //AssetBundle assetbundle = AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/attack");
        //GameObject objPrefab = assetbundle.LoadAsset<GameObject>("attack");
        //GameObject obj = Instantiate(objPrefab);
        SerializeTest();
    }

    void SerializeTest()
    {
        TestSerialize testSerialize = new TestSerialize
        {
            Id = 1,
            Name = "test",
            Items = new List<int>(3) { 1, 2, 2 }
        };

        using(FileStream fs = new FileStream(Application.dataPath + "/test.xml", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite,FileShare.ReadWrite))//使用文件流
        {
            using(StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8))//使用写入流
            {
                XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TestSerialize));//使用序列化器
                xml.Serialize(sw,testSerialize);
            }
        }
    }
}

生成的文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TestSerialize xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" Id="1" Name="test">
  <Items>1</Items>
  <Items>2</Items>
  <Items>2</Items>
</TestSerialize>

反序列化

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        //...
        DeserializeTest();
    }

    //...
    void DeserializeTest()
    {
        var test = XmlDeSerilize<TestSerialize>(Application.dataPath + "/test.xml");
        Debug.Log(test.Id + " " + test.Name);
    }
    T XmlDeSerilize<T>(string path) where T : class
    {
        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.ReadWrite))
        {
            XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            var result = xs.Deserialize(fs) as T;
            return result;
        }
    }
}

二进制序列化

将类转化成二进制

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
        SerializeTest();
    }

    void SerializeTest()
    {
        TestSerialize testSerialize = new TestSerialize
        {
            Id = 1,
            Name = "test",
            Items = new List<int>(3) { 1, 2, 2 }
        };

        BinarySerialize(testSerialize);
    }
    
    void BinarySerialize(TestSerialize testSerialize)
    {
        using(FileStream fs = new FileStream(Application.dataPath + "/test.bytes",FileMode.Create,FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.ReadWrite))
        {
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            bf.Serialize(fs, testSerialize);
        }
    }
}

反序列化二进制文件

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

public class ResourceTest : MonoBehaviour
{

    void Start()
    {
        DeserializeTest();
    }

    void DeserializeTest()
    {
        var test = BinaryDeserialize();
        Debug.Log(test.Id + " " + test.Name);
    }

    TestSerialize BinaryDeserialize()
    {
        TextAsset textAsset = UnityEditor.AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath<TextAsset>("Assets/test.bytes");
        using(MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(textAsset.bytes))
        {
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
            TestSerialize result = (TestSerialize)bf.Deserialize(ms);
            return result;
        }
    }
}

注意二进制文件的拓展名一定要为“bytes”，否则TextAsset类无法读取内容