实现简易的UI管理，适合单机。

UIMgr

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using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class UIMgr : NormalSingleton<UIMgr>
{
    private Canvas canvas;
    public Canvas Canvas => canvas;

    private Stack<string> uiStack = new Stack<string>();
    private Dictionary<string,IView> viewsDic = new Dictionary<string,IView>();
    
    public void Init(Canvas canvas)
    {
        this.canvas = canvas;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 显示界面
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path">界面路径</param>
    public IView Show(string path)
    {
        if(uiStack.Count > 0)
        {
            string pre = uiStack.Peek(); 
            viewsDic[pre].Hide();
        }
        IView view = InitView(path);
        if (view != null)
        {
            view.Show();
            uiStack.Push(path);
            viewsDic[path] = view;
        }
        return view;
    }
    private IView InitView(string path)
    {
        if (viewsDic.ContainsKey(path))
        {
            return viewsDic[path];
        }
        else
        {
            GameObject go = LoadMgr.Instance.LoadPrefab(path,Canvas.transform);
            if (go != null)
            {
                System.Type type = BindUtil.GetPrefabType(path);
                if (type != null)
                {
                    IView view = (IView)go.AddComponent(type);
                    view.Init();
                    return view;
                }
                else
                    Debug.LogError("此Prefab没有对应的View脚本：" + path); return null;
            }
            else
                Debug.LogError("没有找到对应的Prefab：" + path); return null;
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 返回上一个界面
    /// </summary>
    public void Back() 
    {
        if(uiStack.Count <=1)//主界面不可以回退
        {
            return;
        }
        string name = uiStack.Pop();
        viewsDic[name].Hide();

        name = uiStack.Peek();
        viewsDic[name].Show();
    }
}

View层

IView

View层包含所有UI元素的引用，使用统一的IView接口。

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public interface IView 
{
    void Init();
    void Show();
    void Hide();
}

ViewBase

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using UnityEngine;

public class ViewBase : MonoBehaviour, IView
{
    private UIUtil m_UIUtil;
    protected UIUtil UIUtil
    {
        get
        {
            if (m_UIUtil == null)
            {
                m_UIUtil = gameObject.AddComponent<UIUtil>();
                m_UIUtil.Init();
            }
            return m_UIUtil;
        }
    }
    public virtual void Init()
    {
    }
    public virtual void Hide()
    {
        gameObject.SetActive(false);
    }


    public virtual void Show()
    {
        gameObject.SetActive(true);
    }
}

UIUtil

用来处理UI查找子物体的操作，并且声明了UIUtilData中间类，存储了一个UI元素的可交互信息，这个中间类还分离了给按钮添加添加监听和修改Image的Sprite的方法。

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using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using TMPro;

public class UIUtil : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Dictionary<string, UIUtilData> dataDic;
    public void Init()
    {
        dataDic = new Dictionary<string, UIUtilData>();
        RectTransform rectTransform = transform.GetComponent<RectTransform>();
        foreach (RectTransform item in rectTransform)//只获取当前对象的子物体，不获取孙子物体，一般子物体也没有重名的问题，而孙子物体容易重名
        {
            dataDic.Add(item.name, new UIUtilData(item));
        }
    }
    public UIUtilData Get(string name)
    {
        UIUtilData data;
        if(dataDic.TryGetValue(name, out data)) return data;
        else
        {
            //如果在dataDic中没有，说明传入的是孙子物体
            Transform temp = transform.Find(name);
            if(temp != null)
            {
                dataDic.Add(name,new UIUtilData(temp.GetComponent<RectTransform>()));
                return dataDic[name];
            }
            else
            {
                Debug.LogError("无法查找到物体：" + name);
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}
public class UIUtilData
{
    public GameObject Go { get; private set; }
    public RectTransform RectTransform { get; private set; }
    public Button Btn { get; private set; }
    public Image Img { get; private set; }
    public TextMeshProUGUI TextMeshProUGUI { get; private set; }
    public UIUtilData(RectTransform rectTransform)
    {
        Go = rectTransform.gameObject;
        RectTransform = rectTransform;
        Btn = rectTransform.GetComponent<Button>();
        Img = rectTransform.GetComponent<Image>();
        TextMeshProUGUI = rectTransform.GetComponent<TextMeshProUGUI>();
    }

    public void AddListener(System.Action action)
    {
        if(Btn != null)
        {
            Btn.onClick.AddListener(()=> action.Invoke());
        }
        else
        {
            Debug.LogError("当前物体没有Button组件：" + Go.name);
        }
    }

    public void SetSprite(Sprite sprite)
    {
        if(Img != null)
        {
            Img.sprite = sprite;
        }
        else
        {
            Debug.LogError("当前物体没有Image组件：" + Go.name);
        }
    }
}

使用

StartView脚本

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[BindPrefab(Path.START_VIEW)]
public class StartView : ViewBase
{
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }
}

GameRoot

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public class GameRoot : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject canvas;
    private void Start()
    {
        InitCustomAttributes initCustomAttributes = new InitCustomAttributes();
        initCustomAttributes.Init();//+++
        UIMgr.Instance.Init(GetComponent<Canvas>());
		UIMgr.Instance.Show(Pathes.START_VIEW);
    }
}